What Factors Should Be Considered in Lifting Plans for Extra-Large GRC Shapes? Core Elements and Safety Guarantees of Lifting Plans

The hoisting of super-large GRC shapes (single-piece weight ≥500kg or area ≥5㎡) involves high risk and difficulty, requiring comprehensive consideration of multiple factors and the formulation of a scientific and rigorous lifting plan to ensure hoisting safety and precise positioning. Drawing on its experience hoisting super-large GRC components at Shanghai New World Century Plaza, Qinglong analyzes the core considerations and practical key points.

I. Considerations for Component Characteristics and Lifting Parameters

Precisely grasp component characteristics to determine core lifting parameters. Component weight and dimensions: Accurately measure the weight and dimensions of each GRC component, and determine the lifting equipment model in combination with the transport route and lifting space; use a truck crane for components weighing 500–1000kg, and a crawler crane for those ≥1000kg. In one hoisting of a 1200kg super-large component, Qinglong selected a 250-ton crawler crane. Component load-bearing characteristics: Analyze weak sections and the center of gravity to determine the number and position of lifting points; lifting points must be arranged symmetrically to ensure uniform loading during hoisting and prevent deformation and cracking; double-curved shaped components require finite element analysis to determine lifting points. In the double-curved component hoisting at the Guangxi New Media Center, Qinglong set 4 lifting points to ensure balanced loading. Component protection requirements: Based on the material characteristics of GRC components, formulate hoisting protection measures; add protective pads at lifting points to prevent the lifting gear from damaging component surfaces, and wrap fragile parts with protective layers.

II. Considerations for Lifting Equipment and Site Environment

Rationally select equipment and plan the site to guarantee hoisting feasibility. Lifting equipment selection: In addition to component weight, select equipment according to lifting height and working radius; ensure the equipment's rated lifting capacity is ≥1.2 times the hoisting weight, and equip tailing devices to assist in turning over large components; Qinglong's super-large component hoisting equipment has a safety factor of ≥1.5. Site bearing capacity: Test the ground bearing capacity of the hoisting site, ≥15t/㎡; soft ground must be reinforced with steel plates or gravel to prevent equipment sinking; the hoisting area must be designated as an exclusion zone where non-operating personnel are prohibited from entering. Surrounding environment assessment: Survey surrounding obstacles such as buildings, high-voltage lines, and trees, plan the hoisting route to avoid obstacles, maintain a safety distance of ≥6m from high-voltage lines, and equip sufficient lighting for night hoisting.

III. Considerations for Lifting Techniques and Personnel Organization

Optimize lifting techniques and personnel allocation to improve hoisting efficiency and safety. Lifting process design: Select the hoisting method according to component type—flat components use horizontal hoisting, double-curved shaped components use inclined or vertical hoisting—and establish a complete process for component turning, lifting, translation, and positioning. In the GRC sculpture hoisting at the Shanghai Astronomy Museum, Qinglong adopted the "dual-crane tandem lifting + tailing" technique. Lifting gear selection and inspection: Use high-strength wire ropes or dedicated lifting gear with a safety factor of ≥6; conduct load tests before hoisting to ensure there is no damage or corrosion; super-large components require custom-made lifting gear. Personnel organization and allocation: Assign certified hoisting chief commanders, operators, signal workers, and safety officers with clearly defined job responsibilities, and conduct technical briefings and safety training before hoisting; Qinglong's super-large hoisting projects are staffed with professional teams of more than 10 people to ensure standardized operations.

IV. Considerations for Safety Assurance and Emergency Plans

Improve safety measures and contingency plans to mitigate hoisting risks. Safety protection measures: Install anti-fall devices during hoisting and attach tag lines to components to control swinging; personnel working at height must wear safety harnesses and safety helmets. Weather condition control: Avoid hoisting in severe weather such as strong winds (wind force ≥6), heavy rain, or dense fog; in high temperatures, take heat-prevention measures for personnel; Qinglong strictly enforces weather admission standards for hoisting operations. Emergency plan formulation: Develop emergency response plans for sudden situations such as equipment failure, component falls, and personnel injury; equip first-aid devices and backup lifting equipment, and organize regular emergency drills; Qinglong implements a "one plan, one drill" system in all super-large GRC hoisting projects to ensure rapid handling of emergencies.